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Law & conservation

Environment laws of the Maldives

The laws and regulations that protect the reefs, islands and wildlife of the Maldives – explained in plain language, with what each one protects, what is not allowed and where to read the official text.

  • 10Laws & regulations
  • 2Acts of the Majlis
  • 1993Oldest law
  • 3Recently changed
4/93In force – amended

Environmental Protection and Preservation Act

Act (law) · 1993 · People's Majlis

The main environment law of the Maldives. It gives the government the power to protect nature, declare protected areas, require environmental impact assessments and stop harmful projects.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2018/R-78Recently changed

Protected Areas Regulation

Regulation · 2018 · Ministry responsible for the environment

How protected areas are declared, grouped into categories, listed publicly and managed – the rules behind every protected dive site, sandbank and mangrove on Dhiveshi.

Recent change: Some protected-area boundaries have been redrawn since this regulation was made; check the official list for the current boundaries.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2021/R-25In force – amended

Protected Species Regulation

Regulation · 2021 · Ministry responsible for the environment

Lists the animals protected by law in the Maldives – including sea turtles, a tortoise, more than 200 bird species, manta rays and the whale shark – and bans catching, harming, keeping or trading them.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
14/2019Recently changed

Fisheries Act

Act (law) · 2019 · People's Majlis

The law for fishing and marine resources. It sets licensing and fishing rules and, with its regulations, bans the taking of protected marine life such as sharks, rays, cetaceans and certain reef fish.

Recent change: In late 2025 new regulations opened a limited fishery for deep-water gulper sharks; check the official regulations for the current rules.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2020/R-75In force

General Fisheries Regulation

Regulation · 2020 · Ministry responsible for fisheries

Everyday fishing rules: net fishing, lagoon fishing, protected marine species that may not be caught – including parrotfish, Napoleon wrasse, giant clams, black coral, rays and cetaceans – and the fines.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2012/R-27Recently changed

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulation

Regulation · 2012 · Ministry responsible for the environment

Which development projects must study and report their environmental impact before they start, and how the government reviews and approves them.

Recent change: Amendments in 2025 allow projects designated as priority to follow shorter review steps and removed the assessment requirement for some project types, for a limited period.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2022/R-92In force

Tree protection regulation

Regulation · 2022 · Ministry responsible for the environment

Rules for cutting, uprooting and moving trees, and for increasing planting and greenery on the islands.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
2013/R-58In force

Waste Management Regulation

Regulation · 2013 · Ministry responsible for the environment

Standards for collecting, transporting, treating and storing waste – including hazardous waste – so that islands, lagoons and reefs are not polluted.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026
14/2025In force

Environmental Regulatory Authority

Presidential directive / decree · 2025 · President of the Maldives

In 2025 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was replaced by a new Environmental Regulatory Authority (ERA), which now carries out the work the EPA used to do.

Read the summary →Last checked November 12, 2026

The rules in short

What the environment laws of the Maldives mean for everyone – residents, fishermen, divers and visitors.

Protected animals

Do not catch, kill, injure, keep, eat, buy or sell sea turtles, the tortoise, protected birds, manta rays, the whale shark or sharks – or anything made from them.

Fishing

Some marine life may not be caught at all, including parrotfish, the Napoleon wrasse, giant clams, black coral, rays, whales and dolphins, and lobsters carrying eggs. Fishing follows licences and the fisheries rules.

Protected areas

Each protected dive site, sandbank, mangrove and island reserve has its own category. In the strictest ones nothing may be taken or harmed; others allow nature-friendly use such as diving and snorkelling.

Building and development

Projects that may harm the environment – such as reclamation, dredging, harbours and large construction – need an environmental impact assessment and government approval before they start.

Trees

Cutting, uprooting or moving trees must follow the official procedure.

Waste and plastics

Waste must be collected, transported and treated to set standards, and listed single-use plastic products may not be imported, made or sold.

Seen something harmful? Report harm to protected species, reefs or protected areas to the Environmental Regulatory Authority or the ministry responsible for the environment, and illegal fishing to the ministry responsible for fisheries. A photo, the place and the time help most.

These are plain-language summaries written by Dhiveshi to help people understand the rules. They are not legal advice and not the official text. Laws and regulations change – always check the official version in the Government Gazette, or ask the responsible ministry or authority.